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Question:
Asssalamwalikum WRWB,
I work over 200km from my home (where my family stays), so I stay during working days (5 days) at my working city and go back home city for 2 days (weekend) every week. Please let me know when I will be considered as a Musafir to offer qasr namaz, when I am in a working city or my home city?
Answer:
As salām ʿalaikum wa raḥmatullāhī wa barakātuhu
In the Name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
In principle, if a person undertakes a journey of 78 kilometres, he will be a musāfir (traveller) and will perform qaṣr ṣalāh as long as he intends to remain in the place of travel for less than 15 nights. He will become a musāfir once he exits the boundaries of his suburb.
Since the place of your work is more than 78 kms away from your home and you do not intend staying there for 15 days, you will be a musāfir in your work city. Accordingly, you will shorten your ṣalāh (qaṣr) when you are in your work city and read full ṣalāh when you are in your home city.
And Allāh Taʿālā knows best.
الأصل — أبو عبد الله محمد بن الحسن الشيباني (ت ١٨٩ هـ) 231/1
قلت أرأيت المسافر هل يقصر الصلاة في أقل من ثلاثة أيام قال لا قلت فإن سافر مسيرة ثلاثة أيام فصاعدا قال يقصر الصلاة حين يخرج من مصره
المحيط البرهاني في الفقه النعماني — برهان الدين أبو المعالي محمود بن أحمد بن عبد العزيز بن عمر بن مَازَةَ البخاري الحنفي (ت ٦١٦ هـ) — 26/2
وعندنا ما لم ينو الإقامة خمسة عشر يوماً لا يتم الصلاة